Periapical abscess of incisor and cheek teeth are common in pet rabbits. Penetration of bacteria into the alveolus occurs most commonly secondary to acquired dental disease and is often associated with fracture.

Gastrointestinal disease is common in pet ferrets and is frequently accompanied by weight loss and wasting.

Gastrointestinal disease in rabbits is common, and practical experience and observation demonstrate that in the clinical setting, is commonly related to inappropriate diet.

There are considerable anatomical differences in dental anatomy and physiology between guinea pig-like, rat-like and squirrel-like rodents.

Castration techniques for exotic mammals include scrotal, prescrotal and abdominal surgical approaches.

Adrenal disease is one of the most common and serious disorders facing pet ferrets in the United States today, and is emerging as a common disease entity in other parts of the world as well.

Most avian practitioners and many owners understand the importance of yearly physical examination for disease prevention and care of the physical health of the bird.

Dental disease is common in pet rabbits and can produce a wide range of clinical signs and symptoms.

Collection of blood for diagnostic testing can be challenging in exotic pet mammals, especially in smaller species.