Source: SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY
 May 1, 2007
By:Theresa Welch Fossum, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS
Fractures of the tibia in dogs and cats are primarily the result of trauma, including motor vehicle trauma, gunshots, fights with other animals, and falls. Although the fibula is usually fractured as well, it is seldom stabilized unless stability of the stifle or hock is threatened.
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Source: SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY
May 1, 2007
By:Theresa Welch Fossum, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS
Carpal luxation or subluxation results from loss of palmar ligamentous support of the antebrachial, carpal, middle carpal, and/or carpometacarpal joints. Carpal subluxation may also result from severe end-stage polyarthritis.
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Source: SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY
May 1, 2007
By:Theresa Welch Fossum, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS
Lyme disease is a form of polyarthritis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. B. burgdorferi infection should be suspected in dogs with transient or recurrent arthritis if they have been in an area endemic for borreliosis.
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Source: SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY
May 1, 2007
By:Theresa Welch Fossum, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS
Nonerosive inflammatory polyarthritis may occur secondary to any chronic inflammatory disorder or to persistent antigenic stimulus.
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Source: SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY
May 1, 2007
By:Theresa Welch Fossum, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS
Osteochondrosis is a disturbance in endochondral ossification that leads to retention of cartilage; it occurs commonly in the shoulder, elbow, stifle, and hock of immature large dogs. OCD occurs when fissure formation in the abnormal cartilage leads to development of a flap of cartilage.
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Source: SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY
May 1, 2007
By:Theresa Welch Fossum, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS
Temporomandibular joint dysplasia (open-mouth jaw locking, temporomandibular subluxation, congenital temporomandibular luxation or subluxation) is a disease characterized by locking of the jaws in an open position.
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Source: SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY
May 1, 2007
By:Theresa Welch Fossum, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS
Scapulohumeral joint luxation occurs when loss or damage of supporting structures of the joint is sufficient to cause separation of the humerus from the scapula. Synonyms include a dislocated shoulder or a shoulder luxation.
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