Cardiac arrest is a life-threatening emergency which must be recognized and treated IMMEDIATELY!

Appropriate patient evaluation provides for the recognition of anesthetic risks and anesthetic concerns for that specific patient and procedure.

Newly available analgesics and novel methods for the use of standard medications have greatly expanded options for safe and effective relief of pain in veterinary patients.

Anesthesia is intended to be a controlled, benign and reversible process. Unfortunately, the anesthetic drugs produce their effects primarily by limited depression of vital processes.

Anesthetic care of veterinary patients has not gotten easier over the years.

Providing good analgesia improves clinical outcome for critically injured patients.

Cats have relatively deficient hepatic glucuronidation mechanism.

Pharmaceuticals do not take the place of clinical finesse.

One-third of all human cancer patients report pain (60-90% with advanced cancer).